Literary Echoes

THE POWER OF PRAYER: INTRODUCTION: Abdul kalam was born in  1931 in Rameswaram. He was a scientist and he became the president of India. He was also the recipient of highest civilian award ‘Bharat Ratna’. He also held the prestigious post as the president of India. ‘ the power of Prayer’ is an extract from Kalam’s autobiography “Wings of Fire”. It describes the life story and how his teachers and parents played a role in his bright future.   KALAM’S LIFE: Kalam was born into a middle class Tamil family in the town of Rameswaram. His father Jainlaubdeen possessed a great innate wisdom and true generosity of spirit. His wife Ashiamma is an ideal helpmate. Kalam couldn’t recall the exact number of people his mother fed everyday . his parents were regarded as the ideal couple. Ashiamma’s one of the ancestors was bestowed with the title of Bahadur by the British.   KALAM’S LIFE: Kalam was a short boy with undistinguished looks. He was born to tall and handsome parents....

ABOUT THE POET: Tagore was a great poet born in India. His famous work ‘Gitanjali’ which means song offering was published in 1913. He was awarded Nobel Prize in Literatuyre. Tagore was a great lyricist, story writer and essayist. The poem ‘ Where the mind is without fear’ is taken from the collection ‘Gitanjali’ WHERE THE MIND IS WITHOUT FEAR: The poem ‘ Where the mind is without fear’ is a famous and most commonly discussed poems of  Tagore. It was originallycomposed in Bengali under the title ‘Prarthana’ meaning prayer. According to Tagore, the country is truly free when the people of the country remain fearless. THE HEAD IS HELD HIGH: Tagore advices to hold the head high, he wants the people to be fearless. The mind of the people should be without fear. He also insists that the country where the education is free, it would be a better place to live in. the world has been separated into fragments and by domestic w...

ABOUT THE POET Rudyard Kipling is an Indian writer who was the first person to win Nobel prize in writing. He is a great storyteller. His short stories are interesting and were written for the children. His poems are inspiring to the readers. His poem If deals with Human endurance ABOUT THE POEM IF The poem If is an advice from the father to his son about the qualities of good man. The father sets the parameters or boundaries for his son. He tells his son to set goals to achieve. The poem also focuses on the life challenges and the poet shows how to deal with the challenges. DOUBTING BY OTHERS: The poet says that the persons around us could blame and loss hope on us. It is about our trust on ourselves when others doubt our abilities. A person could wait but he must not be tired of waiting. The poet also advises not to tell lies. He wants the readers not to give way to hating. Thus he says, “If you can dream – and not make dreams your master If you can think – a...

1. Why was the king advised   to go to magicians?             The king had to decide the right time for doing something. The king have to look into the future. So the king was advised to go the magicians 2. What suggestions were made in answer to the third question?             The suggestions were Science, fighting and religious worship 3. How can Men gain Wisdom according to Kipling in Life?             If others blame on him, he must not lose our hope. A person must not doubt himself when others doubt him. He must trust himself. A person must not act too wisely. He can dream and not make dreams his master. He can think but not make thoughts your aim. Men can gain wisdom. 4. What is Kipling’s advice to Men about Censure, dreams and Challenges in Life?         ...

Introduction : Pollution is harmful to the health of man. The world has been polluted by the mankind. The increase in technology and population has increased the pollution. The future of man is endangered and it will effect men man must stop the contamination of environment. The cities are affected by pollution. The water has been affected due to wastage. The millions of fish in river are affected by pollution. Forms of pollution:      1. Derelict landscapes caused by quarrying or mining.       2. Destroyed forest.       3. Industrial effluent.       4. Indestructible garbage.       5. Motor car fumes.       6. Farming chemicals.       7. Military poison gases.       8. Nuclear tests Pollution has affected the air, the water and the food. Progress in knowledge:    Man's pr...

Introduction Eve teasing is men making fun of young women in public places.  It is one of most disgraceful behaviour. It hurts the women. In the lesson Adams and Eves, Anand Kumar Raju  presents a conversation among Suresh Surekha and Uncle T.  They discuss about eve teasing as Surekha has been teased by the college students. Surekha and her friends: Surekha tell her brother that she has been teased by Bimmy and his group. Surekha gets angry and he wants to fight with Bimmy. But Surekha says that she had given written complaint in  police station. Bimmy and his group were been taken to police station. The parents of the Gang were been called and warned by the police. Suresh's reaction: Suresh was emotional towards surekha complaint about Bimmy. Suresh wants to beat Bimmy as he teased Surekha and her friends. Uncle T intervenes the conversation and ask about the  argument.  Suresh tell him that he wants to smash the person. Uncle T controls him a...

About the poet: Rabindranath Tagore was a great poet born in India. His very famous work Gitanjali which means song offering was published in 1913. He was awarded Nobel Prize in Literature. Tagore was a great lyricist, story writer and essayist. The poem "Where The Mind Is Without Fear"  is taken from the collection Gitanjali. Where The Mind Is Without Fear: The poem Where The Mind Is Without Fear is a famous and vastly discuss the poem of Tagore. It was originally composed in Bengali under the title "Prarthana" meaning prayer. According to Tagore the country is truly free when the people of the country remain fearless. The head is held high: Tagore advises to hold the head high. He wants the people to be fearless the mind of the people. He also insists that the country where the education is free, it would be a better place to live in. The world has been separated into fragments and domestic walls. Depth of truth: The poem focused the dominance of British ru...

About the poet: Rudyard kipling is an Indian writer who was the one of the persons to win Nobel Prize in writing he is a great storyteller. His short stories are interesting and were written for the children.  His poems are inspiring to the readers. His poem deals with human endurance. About the poem: The poem 'If' is an advice from the father to his son about the qualities of good man. The father sets the parameters or boundaries for his son. He tells his son to set goals to achieve. The poem also focuses on the life challenges and shows how to deal the challenges Doubting by others: The poet says that the persons around us could blame and loss hope on us. It is about one's own trust on themself when others doubt their abilities. A person could wait but he must not be tired of waiting. The poet also advises not to tell lies. He wants the readers not to give way to hating. Thus he says "If you can dream- and not make  dreams your master If you can think- and not...

INTRODUCTION: Swami Vivekananda was an Indian Hindu Monk. He was one of the disciples of the 19 th century Indian Mystic Ramakrishna. Vivekananda made a great and strong speech at the Inaugural of world Parliament of Religions in Chicago, 1893. Vivekananda states that ethics is nothing but a code of conduct that keeps a man to be the good citizen of the world. According to him, the motto of ethics is not self, but non-self. WHAT IS ETHICS? The philosophical study of morality can be called as ethics. The morality consists of belief which can be stated as right and wrong, good and bad. Judgments, Principles and theories can be included in beliefs. Doing ethics and Participating in the exploration of Morality is unavoidable. Vivekananda advises to make moral judgments and to assess moral norms, judge people’s character and to question moral outlooks Ethics involve 1.       Pre-eminence of Reason 2.       The Universal Per...

1. William Wordsworth - a nature poet:            Wordsworth's love for Nature is truer than any other poet. Wordsworth worshipped Nature. He wrote about Nature in his poems. He remained as a High priest and worshipped Nature. Thus He is called as the nature poet. 2. Definition of Prayer by Kalam's father:            According to Kalam's father Prayer made a communion of the spirit between the  people. when a person prays, he transcends his body and becomes a part of the cosmos. Prayer doesn't see the division of wealth, caste, age or creed 3. Two things that shaped Kalam's life:           The two things that shaped Kalam's life were God's help and the expression of God's will 4. Gitanjali mean           "GIT" meaning songs and "ANJALI" meaning offering. Gitanjali is an offering of songs to the Lord. 5. Gabriel Okara address the poem:       ...

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:            Rajagopalachari was a lawyer, politician, statesman, scholar, speaker and writer. He was the Governor of Bengal for sometime and became the Governor General of India. Education   for India is a part of a convocation   address that was delivered at Madras University in 1948. He reminds the young graduate that freedom means the creation of New values. He impels them to embrace the qualities of Leadership mould them into moral and cultural army of India.   FREEDOM:          Freedom has given the people of India a new status and new opportunities. Rajagopalachari advises to discard selfishness, laziness and narrowness of outlook. Freedom of the nation suggests toil and creation of New Values and old ones. The young graduates should be able to discharge new responsibilities. He tells us to put the action with full responsibilities. He tells us to put the a...

Hermit said 1. If the king has not pitied the weakness of the hermit, he would not fug the beds for him. so it was right time 2. The king also had mercy on the beard man, so he saved the man. the beard man was the kings enemy. 3. As he saved his life so that the enemy has become friend and he has assured to be the king's servant. So it was the most important time. 4. The most important man was the person he saved. the most important business was the king's caring towards the beard man. Leo Tolstoy concludes "Remember then: there is only one time that is important – now! It is the most important time because it is the only time when we have any power. The most necessary person is the one with whom you are, for no man knows whether he will ever have dealings with anyone else: and the most important affair is to do that person good, because for that purpose alone was man sent into this life.”

·     1.       The father advices his son about the qualities of man. He is setting the parameters or boundaries for his son to achieve his goal. 2.       He tells his son to make decisions. He advices him to be confident on making decisions. 3.       If others blame on him, he must not lose his hope. Aperson must not doubt himself when others doubt him. He must trust himself. 4.       A person must not act too wisely. He can dream and not make dreams his master. He can think but not make thoughts your aim. Men can gain wisdom. 5.       A person may meet with triumph and disaster. He asks to treat the two imposters same. He asks to hear the truth and not to be trapped by evils. 6.       He asks to build a heap with the winnings. If there is a lose, he asks to start again from beginning. He also advice...